China plans to reduce carbon dioxide emissions per unit of gross domestic product (GDP) by around 3.8% in 2026, according to government planning documents released alongside the country’s economic policy agenda. The target reflects Beijing’s continued effort to lower the carbon intensity of its economy while maintaining economic growth.
A new climate target within the five-year plan
The reduction target is part of China’s broader environmental strategy under its new five-year development plan. Beijing aims to cut carbon intensity by 17% between 2026 and 2030, signalling a gradual decarbonisation path over the coming years.
Carbon intensity measures the amount of carbon dioxide emitted for each unit of economic output, meaning emissions could still rise overall if economic growth outpaces efficiency gains.
Replacing coal with renewable energy
As part of the plan, China intends to accelerate the transition toward cleaner energy sources. The strategy includes replacing about 30 million metric tons of coal annually with renewable energy, aiming to curb emissions from one of the country’s most carbon-intensive fuels.
However, the blueprint does not set additional limits on overall coal consumption, highlighting the balancing act between economic development and climate goals.
Progress and remaining challenges
During the previous five-year plan that ended in 2025, China reduced carbon intensity by around 12%, missing its official target of an 18% decline.
Despite this shortfall, Beijing has reiterated its long-term climate commitments, including the goal for carbon emissions to peak before 2030 and a broader push toward cleaner energy and industrial transformation.
The new targets show that the world’s largest emitter is seeking gradual emissions reductions while continuing to support economic expansion and energy demand.